• Osteoblasts have been thought to be the major cell type

  2025-01-21

  

  Osteoblasts have been thought to be the major cell type that expresses RANKL (Suda et al., 1999) which is a ligand for osteoprotegerin (OPG) and which functions as a key factor for osteoclast differentiation and activation. Recently, Nakashima and his colleagues (Nakashima et al., 2011) demonstrated

• The adoptive transfer experiments additionally

  2025-01-21

  

  The adoptive transfer experiments additionally demonstrated the role of cholinergic regulation in the antibody immune response. Injection of LPI-stimulated B lymphocytes significantly up-regulated both the IgM and IgG responses to cytochrome c in the host. Obviously, this effect was due to activatio

• Although effects of low concentrations of agonist were

  2025-01-21

  

  Although effects of low concentrations of agonist were not as thoroughly documented for heteromeric receptors such as the major MK 0893 α4β2 nAChR, a similar mechanism of action was described to explain the potentiation of these receptors with low concentrations of acetylcholine-esterase-inhibiting

• Regarding androgens it is known that they

  2025-01-21

  

  Regarding androgens, it is known that they are also essential for reproductive success (Walters et al., 2010). At the molecular level, their effects are produced mainly by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), arising from the conversion of testosterone by the enzyme 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid-4-dehydrogenase (enco

• The relatively high concentration of HT used in this

  2025-01-21

  

  The relatively high concentration of 5-HT used in this study (100 µM) is consistent with the concentrations used in other published ex vivo studies (Ropert and Guy, 1991, Passani et al., 1994, Shen and Andrade, 1998). In our paradigm 5-HT was focally applied at the surface of the slice via a fast pe

• NOXA a BH only protein is best known

  2025-01-21

  

  NOXA, a BH3-only protein, is best known as a selective inhibitor of MCL-1, which is a highly expressed pro-survival protein in many human malignancies [30]. In addition, NOXA was recently proven to act as a direct activator via directly binding to BAX to induce apoptosis [31]. Given that its levels

• Although CP has been an important research subject in

  2025-01-21

  

  Although CP has been an important research subject in the field of antigen processing and presentation, the mechanisms of presentation of intracellular Dual kinase inhibitor by MHC II received considerably less attention. Interestingly, pioneering work by the Münz laboratory has pointed to an invol

• In response to DSB the lesion recognition

  2025-01-20

  

  In response to DSB, the lesion recognition factor Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) complex helps the recruitment of ATM to the damage site and its activation by phosphorylation [29]. However, whether UV-damage recognition factors directly influence ATR and ATM recruitment and their phosphorylation is not clea

• GDC-0834 In addition to connecting high ARG levels with

  2025-01-20

  

  In addition to connecting high ARG1 levels with DNMT3A/TET2 mutations in MDS/CMML patient biopsies, we also wanted to address the cell type demonstrating elevated ARG1. Following our mouse work, we hypothesized that overexpression of this protein would be found in myelomonocytic GDC-0834 including m

• br AR expression in breast

  2025-01-20

  

  AR expression in breast tissue Although androgenic signalling is chiefly associated with the development and maintenance of primary and secondary male characteristics, especially during puberty when the testes are by far the major source of testosterone, the AR also plays important functions in f

• br Role of AMPK in inflammation signaling Pro inflammatory

  2025-01-20

  

  Role of AMPK in inflammation signaling Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), activate Ikβ kinase (IKKβ), which phosphorylates IκBα, triggering the degradation of proteasomal IκB. This liberates active nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) to translocate i

• br Conclusions Extract of non germinated winter rape

  2025-01-20

  

  Conclusions Extract of non-germinated winter rape seeds cv. Bellevue was screened for the aminopeptidase activity. It revealed broad substrate specificity, with the highest activity toward Phe-pNA. Also in the partially purified sample, phenylalanine was preferentially hydrolysed. PMSF, known ser

• human p53 RNA Tephrosia purpurea Linn pers Fabaceae a widely

  2025-01-20

  

  Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) pers, (Fabaceae), a widely growing herbaceous perennial is reported to exhibit significant anti-hyperglycemic activity in animal models [7], [8], [9] as well as able to delay the development of diabetic complications [10], [11]. Recently, we have reported T. purpurea for i

• In a recent series of studies from

  2025-01-20

  

  In a recent series of studies from our laboratory, to characterize the contractile systems within the rat (+)-Aphidicolin wall, three conditions were identified that led to detrusor activity: spontaneous micro-contractions, electrical field stimulated (EFS) contractions and muscarinic agonist induc

• Pioneering studies on the immunomodulatory

  2025-01-20

  

  Pioneering studies on the immunomodulatory role of adenosine date back to the early ‘70 s of last century (Fig. 1), when the critical role of this nucleoside in shaping the development and the activity of several immune cell populations was first established [[18], [19], [20], [21], [22]]. This then

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