• AKT activity is also self limiting through its

  2024-12-24

  

  AKT activity is also self-limiting through its substrate GSK3β; the kinase activity of which is negatively regulated by AKT phosphorylation (Fig. 3; Li, Liu, & Gao, 2009). GSK3β activation results in phosphorylation and subsequent ubiquitin mediated degradation of PHLPP (Li et al., 2009). AKT activa

• Voluminous literature about the neuroendocrine mechanism

  2024-12-24

  

  Voluminous literature about the neuroendocrine mechanism of reproduction and energy regulation has emerged from studies involving mammalian species. The avian infundibular nucleus (equivalent structure to the mammalian arcuate nucleus) consists of two neuronal populations, one of which expresses neu

• In brief serotonin can interact with classes of receptors ar

  2024-12-24

  

  In brief, serotonin can interact with 7 classes of receptors are differentiated into 14 subtypes (Barnes and Sharp, 1999). Specifically, 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors have been the most widely studied in the modulation of anxiety responses (Deakin et al., 1992; Millan, 2003). However, the studies that

• br Experimental section br Results and discussion

  2024-12-23

  

  Experimental section Results and discussion Conclusions We present a simple, sensitive and selective assay of ADA activity and its inhibitor using the enzyme catalyzed reaction and the different interaction intensity of dye-labeled AD aptamer, aptamer/AD complex with GO. The as-proposed met

• br Role of autophagy in alcoholic cardiomyopathy br Concludi

  2024-12-23

  

  Role of autophagy in alcoholic cardiomyopathy Concluding remarks The genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in alcoholic cardiac injury has been recognized despite the seemingly beneficial effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption [8]. Although oxidative stress is well established in the pa

• br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgments

  2024-12-23

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments Introduction Cellular responses to genotoxic stress in eukaryotic cells are coordinated by members of the phosphoinositide kinase related protein kinase (PIKK) family. Two members of this family, Ataxia–Telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM and

• proanthocyanidins benefits Our results clearly demonstrate t

  2024-12-23

  

  Our results clearly demonstrate that inhibition of ATM pathway activation results in resistance to Vγ2Vδ2 T cell-mediated cell death. Therefore, enhancing ATM activation along with Vγ2Vδ2 T cell treatment would promote the cytotoxicity of resistant ovarian cancer cells. To our knowledge, this is the

• Placental cells also express P aromatase

  2024-12-23

  

  Placental cells also express P450 aromatase (CYP19A1, encoded by CYP19A1). In the placenta, this enzyme requires an external source of androgens, provided by the adrenal gland of the fetus, to form estrogen. The fetal adrenal gland produces dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) [9] and, in the placenta, it

• The accumulation of oxidized low density lipoprotein oxLDL

  2024-12-23

  

  The accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is one of the many causes of the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis (Virmani et al., 2002; Pirillo et al., 2013; Sun et al., 2016; Huang et al., 2016; Tabas, 2010). oxLDL-induced apoptosis of macrophages contributes to the forma

• The objectives of this study were to investigate the

  2024-12-23

  

  The objectives of this study were to investigate 1) the mRNA and protein expression of apelin and APJ in porcine ovarian follicles of different sizes, and their immunolocalization and concentrations in follicular fluid and ovarian follicle, and 2) the direct effect of recombinant human apelin-13 on

• Limitations of this study include the use of HL cardiomyocyt

  2024-12-23

  

  Limitations of this study include the use of HL-1 cardiomyocytes, which show different characteristics than primary cardiomyocytes [56]. Furthermore, sustained TAC in Ampkα1-deficient mice did not favorably influence cardiac function [33]. It must be kept in mind that global Ampkα1-deficiency may af

• NHS-SS-11-Biotin reagent br Results Four HT esters butyrate

  2024-12-23

  

  Results Four HT esters (butyrate, caprylate, laurate and stearate esters) were chosen as representative compounds of increasing lipophilicity (Fig. 1). We will refer to them as C4HT, C8HT, C12HT and C18HT, respectively. They have been synthesized, purified and characterized according to our previ

• It is now thought that tight binding of

  2024-12-23

  

  It is now thought that tight binding of HMGB to condensed chromatin may not be restricted to apoptotic cells. That HMGB proteins might actually be involved in the organization and/or maintenance of heterochromatic regions is suggested by the results of experiments analyzing the stable binding of the

• Indications that HMGA proteins are involved in regulating th

  2024-12-23

  

  Indications that HMGA proteins are involved in regulating the structure and function of large chromatin domains come from the early work of Saitoh and Laemmli [143]. Employing immunolocalization techniques, these workers demonstrated that HMGA1 proteins are co-localized with both histone H1 and the

• Negative regulation of AR expression

  2024-12-23

  

  Negative regulation of AR expression by NFκB was also correlated with the ‘age-dependent desensitisation’ of androgen action in the rat liver (Supakar et al., 1995). In this case the binding site was mapped upstream of the gene to sequences −555 to −565 bp, that binds heterodimers of p65 and p50, as

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